BIOL 111 Lecture Notes - Lecture 3: Botulism, Peptidoglycan, Archaea

• School: McGill University
• Department: Biology (Sci)
• Course: BIOL 111
• Professor: Rajinder Dhindsa

Document Summary

Biol 111 lecture 3 diversity of life and prokaryotes : diversity of life, diversity is degree of differences in 1)genetic variation, 2)species composition, 3)function: there are a huge amount of species on earth, no one knows the exact number, 99% of the species are extinct. Prokaryotes : bacteria and archaea (domain: archaea, bacteria. -distinctive lipids in cell membranes (many have lipid monolayer) -cell walls that determine the results of gram staining. -rapid reproduction and short generation times (asexual, binary fission) -exchange of genetic material between bacteria (not the same as reproduction) -transformation (taking up free genetic material (of dead bacterium)) -respond to harsh environments e. g. endospores & biofilms. -can move towards or away from chemicals e. g. chemotaxis. -diverse in metabolic abilities (diverse habitats & long evolutionary history: genetic material of bacteria and archaea. -chromosome but not highly coiled (lack of histones) -plasmids (circular: anaerobic & aerobic metabolism, anaerobes (fermentation instead of cellular respiration)