BIOL 111 Lecture Notes - Lecture 6: Crop Rotation, Gram-Positive Bacteria, Facultative Anaerobic Organism

• School: McGill University
• Department: Biology
• Course: BIOL 111
• Professor: Richard Roy

Document Summary

In spheres = cocci: rods = bacilli, helical = spirili, cell wall structure varies, which determines the results of. Gram staining: gram positive (purple) = thick cell wall with outer peptidoglycan layer, gram negative (pink) = think cell wall between two membranes, typically antibiotics are ineffective against gram neg bacteria. Bacteria and the three big challenges: make nearly faithful copies of themselves (reproduce, rapid, short generation times, asexual reproduction binary fission, sexual reproduction, genes on plasmids are easily transferred. Also glide, roll, use gas floats inside cell: can from spore called endospore, which protect bacteria from adverse conditions (eg anthrax, can form surface-coating communities called biofilms, form polysaccharide gell, trapping debris and other cells. Chemoheterotrophs consume organic molecules for carbon and e source (make up most prokaryotes and other organisms) Use light e to convert co2 into glucose. Produce o2 as a waste product: some bacteria are photoautotrophic but produce sulfur instead of oxygen (use hydrogen sulfide instead of water)