BIO 325 Chapter Notes - Chapter 12: Ploidy, Meiosis, Gamete

• School: UT-Austin
• Department: Biology
• Course: BIO 325
• Professor: Saxena

Document Summary

Chromosomal rearrangements include deletions, duplications, inversions, and translocations. Chromosome breakage followed by dna repair, or illegitimate crossing-over where chromosomes misalign can lead to deletions, duplications, inversions, and translocations. Fish techniques can reveal chromosome rearrangements as differences in imaged bands; microarrays can detect very small deletions and duplications; dna sequencing and pcr amplification can locate rearrangements to the level of base pairs. Deletions remove dna from a chromosome and cause mutant phenotypes through effects on gene dosage. Deletion chromosomes can be used to locate genes. Duplications add dna to a chromosome and cause mutant phenotypes by either increasing gene dosage or by changing the regulation of genes near a breakpoint. Inversions change order but not the number of genes on a chromosome. Inversions might affect the function of genes at or near a breakpoint by splitting a gene and disrupting its function of by altering its regulation.