PSY 1001 Chapter Notes - Chapter 3: Brainstem, Prefrontal Cortex, Shock Absorber
Document Summary
Damage to this part of the neuron is fatal. Similar to the nucelus of a regular cell. Specialized for sending messages to other neurons. Give out neuron transmitters through synaptic vesicles. Protective shield that insulates the brain from infection by bacteria and other intruders. Insulate the axon with the myelin sheath. Neurons respond to neurotransmitters by generating electrical activity. When no neurotransmitters acting on the neuron, the membrane is at the resting potential. When the electircal charge insidet tghe neuron reaches a high enough level relative to the outside, an electrical impulse called an action potential is triggered. Abrupt waves of electric discharge triggered by a change in charge inside the axon. Each action potential is followed by an absolute refractory period. Limits the fastest rate at which a neuron can fire. Chemical events triggered by neurotransmitters orchestrate communication among neurons. Some exite the nervous system while other inhibit the nervous system. Plays critical roles in learning, memory, and sleep.
