PSY 1001 Study Guide - Midterm Guide: Neuroglia, Axon Terminal, Constructive Proof
Document Summary
Neurotransmitter: chemical messenger specialized for communication from neuron to neuron. Synapse: space between two connecting neurons through which messages are transmitted chemically. Synaptic cleft: a gap into which neurotransmitters are released from the axon terminal. Glial cell: cell in nervous system that plays a role in the formation of myelin and the blood-brain barrier, responds to injury removes debris, and enhances learning and memory. Myelin sheath: glial cells wrapped around axons that act as insulators of the neuron"s signal. Resting potential: electrical charge difference across the neuronal membrane, when the neuron is not being stimulated or inhibited. Threshold: membrane potential necessary to trigger an action potential. Action potential: electrical impulse that travels down the axon triggering the release of neurotransmitters. Absolute refractory period: time during which another action potential is impossible; limits maximal firing rate. Receptor site: location that uniquely recognizes a neurotransmitter. Monoamines: play a role in the rewarding experiences that occur when we seek out or anticipate goals.
