BSC 2011 Chapter Notes - Chapter 29: Jungermanniales, Microphyll, Frond
2 Oct 2016
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Chapter 29: plant diversity 1- how plants colonized land. Plants supply oxygen & ultimately most of the food eaten by terrestrial animals. Plant roots create habitats for other organisms by stabilizing the soil. Morphological & molecular evidence: green algae called charophytes are the closest relatives of land plants, many key traits of land plants also appear in some algae. Plants are multicellular, eukaryotic, photosynthetic autotrophs, as are brown, red, & certain green algae. Plants have cell walls made of cellulose, & so do green algae, dinoflagellates, & brown algae. Cells of both land plants & charophytes have distinctive circular rings of proteins in the plasma membrane. Protein rings synthesize the cellulose microfibrils of the cell wall. In contrast, non-charophyte algae have linear sets of proteins that synthesize cellulose: structure of flagellated sperm. In species of land plants that have flagellated sperm, the structure of the sperm closely resembles that of charophyte sperm: formation of a phragmoplast.
