PHIL 1102 Chapter Notes - Chapter 4.4: Obversion, Rolex
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Swtiching the subject term into the predicate term. All a are b all b are a (cid:840)a(cid:841) No a are b no b are a (cid:840)e(cid:841) Some a are b some b are. Some a are not b some b are not a (cid:840)o(cid:841) All e and i statements have logically equivalent statements . Meaning their converses have the same meaning (cid:840)same (enn diagrams(cid:841) If we frame their converses into an argument, the arguments are logically sound. Meanwhile, a and o statement are not identical for their converses, in fact, they are the exact opposite. If we frame their converses into an argument, the arguments are invalid and commit an illicit conversion. All a are b / therefore, all b are a. (cid:873)some cats are animals/ therefore, all animals are cats(cid:874) f. Some a are not b / therefore, some b are not a. (cid:873)some animals are not cats / therefore, some cats are not animals(cid:874) f.
