AH 3121 Chapter Notes - Chapter 8: Helminths, Diphtheria Toxin, Natural Killer Cell
Document Summary
Properties of antibodies that determine their effector functions. Various levels of ab can be produced: higher levels of production during subsequent responses than during primary response, more igg and less igm second time around, memory cells provide burst of ab for more effective defense. Distinct fc regions mean that ab have different effector functions. Prolonged or repeated ag stimulation leads to the production of higher and higher affinity. Ab binds to and blocks (neutralizes) microbes & toxins. Microbial cell wall or envelope bind to host cells allowing entry (infection) Antibody can bind first, disallowing entry into host cell. Neutralization does not allow an infection to take hold. Toxins can bind to cells, harming them. Neutralizing ab will bind the toxin so it cannot harm host cells. Opsonization of antigens for phagocytosis by macrophages and neutrophils. Neonatal immunity: transfer of maternal antibody across placenta and gut. Feedback inhibition of b cell activation: igm. Activation of the classical pathway of complement: iga.
