LIFESCI 2 Chapter Notes - Chapter 10: Spindle Apparatus, Sister Chromatids, Kinetochore
Document Summary
Why cell division is important: reproduction, development, maintenance of organs. Tissue repair and maintenance: mouth, esophagus, stomach, small intestine. Lining of small intestine is replaced every 5 days: large intestine, eyhtrocyte, leukocyte, platelets. Cell division: dna replication, separation of dna, regulation and control. Genetic material: linear dna molecules that are associated with proteins called histones, chromosomes. Dna and proteins: eukaryotes hve two copies of each chromosome (homologous) Kinetochores formation occur: made of two sister chromatids that are connected by kinetochores to the spindle microtubules that are latched at spindle poles. Alignment of chromosomes occurs at metaphase plate. Spindle separates chromosomes: kinetochore microtubules and non- kinetochore microtubules consist of mitotic spindles, non kinetochore microtubules. Sliding of the nonkinetochore microtubules pushes poles apart increasing the total length of the spindle: kinetochore microtubules. Motor protein of the kinetochore of the chromosome walks along the microtubule pulling the chromosome with it. The division of the cytoplasm to produce two daughter cells.
