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BIO SCI E109 Chapter 23: E109 23.3 hormonal regulation of female reproductive system

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cerisemuskrat887
22 Nov 2016
School
UC-Irvine
Department
Biological Sciences
Course
BIO SCI E109
Professor
Catherine Loudon

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Document Summary

Cou(cid:396)se: e(cid:1005)(cid:1004)9 (cid:1006)(cid:1007). (cid:1007) female reproductive system: fe(cid:373)ale (cid:396)ep(cid:396)odu(cid:272)ti(cid:448)e fu(cid:374)(cid:272)tio(cid:374) is (cid:396)egulated (cid:271)(cid:455) (cid:373)a(cid:374)(cid:455) ho(cid:396)(cid:373)o(cid:374)es. Lh sti(cid:373)ulates the the(cid:272)a (cid:272)ells of a de(cid:448)elopi(cid:374)g folli(cid:272)le to p(cid:396)odu(cid:272)e a(cid:374)d(cid:396)oge(cid:374)s (cid:894)(cid:373)ai(cid:374): a(cid:374)deoste(cid:374)edio(cid:374)e (cid:895). U(cid:374)de(cid:396) the i(cid:374)flue(cid:374)(cid:272)e of fsh, the a(cid:374)d(cid:396)oge(cid:374)s a(cid:396)e take(cid:374) up (cid:271)(cid:455) the g(cid:396)a(cid:374)ulosa (cid:272)ells of the folli(cid:272)le a(cid:374)d a(cid:396)e (cid:272)o(cid:374)(cid:448)e(cid:396)ted i(cid:374)to est(cid:396)oge(cid:374)s (cid:271)(cid:455) a(cid:396)o(cid:373)atase . At least 6 diffe(cid:396)e(cid:374)t est(cid:396)oge(cid:374)s ha(cid:448)e (cid:271)ee(cid:374) isolated f(cid:396)o(cid:373) the plas(cid:373)a of hu(cid:373)a(cid:374) fe(cid:373)ales, o(cid:374)l(cid:455) th(cid:396)ee a(cid:396)e p(cid:396)ese(cid:374)t i(cid:374) sig(cid:374)ifi(cid:272)a(cid:374)t (cid:395)ua(cid:374)tities. I(cid:374) (cid:374)o(cid:374)p(cid:396)eg(cid:374)a(cid:374)t (cid:449)o(cid:373)e(cid:374), the (cid:373)ost a(cid:271)u(cid:374)da(cid:374)t est(cid:396)oge(cid:374) is s(cid:455)(cid:374)thesized f(cid:396)o(cid:373) (cid:272)holeste(cid:396)ol. is -est(cid:396)adiol, (cid:449)hi(cid:272)h. Se(cid:272)(cid:396)eted (cid:271)(cid:455) o(cid:448)a(cid:396)ia(cid:374) folli(cid:272)les the luteu(cid:373) a(cid:374)d (cid:272)o(cid:396)pus fu(cid:374)(cid:272)tio(cid:374)s. [1] p(cid:396)o(cid:373)ote de(cid:448)elop(cid:373)e(cid:374)t a(cid:374)d (cid:373)ai(cid:374)te(cid:374)a(cid:374)(cid:272)e of fe(cid:373)ale se(cid:454) se(cid:272)o(cid:374)da(cid:396)(cid:455) st(cid:396)u(cid:272)tu(cid:396)es a(cid:374)d (cid:396)ep(cid:396)odu(cid:272)ti(cid:448)e (cid:272)ha(cid:396)a(cid:272)te(cid:396)isti(cid:272)s st(cid:396)o(cid:374)g (cid:271)o(cid:374)es. [2] i(cid:374)(cid:272)(cid:396)ease p(cid:396)otei(cid:374) a(cid:374)a(cid:271)olis(cid:373), i(cid:374)(cid:272)ludi(cid:374)g the (cid:271)uildi(cid:374)g of. [4] afte(cid:396) (cid:373)e(cid:374)st(cid:396)uatio(cid:374), est(cid:396)oge(cid:374)s sti(cid:373)ulate p(cid:396)olife(cid:396)atio(cid:374) of the st(cid:396)atu(cid:373) (cid:271)asalis to fo(cid:396)(cid:373) a (cid:374)e(cid:449) st(cid:396)atu(cid:373) fu(cid:374)(cid:272)tio(cid:374)alis that (cid:396)epla(cid:272)es the o(cid:374)e that has sloughed off.

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Related Questions

1. The site of implantation of a fertilized ovum is

A.The uterus
B.. The ovaries
C. The vag ina
D. The cervix

2. Which statement correctly describes the secretory phase of the uterine (menstrual) cycle?

A. Follicle stimulating hormone stimulates proliferation of the endometrium
B. During this phase, the endometrium detaches and sheds
C. Progesterone stimulates the endometrium to prepare for implantation
D. Decreased progesterone levels cause the endometrial cells to die

Which events in the monthly female reproductive cycle occur simultaneously?

A. Menstruation and the estrogen surge
B. Endometrial proliferation and development of the vesicular follicle
C. Degeneration of the corpus luteum and increased LH and FSH secretion
D. The secretory phase in the uterus and decreased progesterone levels

Please give some explanations, thanks.

PLEASE HELP! THANK YOU

11. Luteinizing hormone stimulates cells in the testes to produce more testosterone.

Select one:

True

False

12. When a woman has completed menopause, she no longer menstruates or ovulates.

Select one:

True

False

13. A nerve is a bundle of axons from many different neurons.

Select one:

True

False

14. Sperm would have trouble surviving in a female reproductive tract without the prostate secretions because the female reproductive tract is too acidic for sperm.

Select one:

True

False

15. Breast-feeding decreases a woman's risk for breast cancer.

Select one:

True

False

16. When you are reading a book and relaxing, your parasympathetic nervous system is more active than your sympathetic nervous system.

Select one:

True

False

Terms: 1, 14, 28, corpus luteum, estradiol, follicular,GnRH, inhibitory, LH surge, luteal, ovulatory, progesterone,regresses, stimulatory

The ovarian cycle refers to the recurrent, cyclic changes inhormone secretion and follicle/oocyte development that occurroughly every 28 days in the 'typical' woman. The ovarian cycle canbroadly be divided into 3 sequential phases, the first, or_____________ phase which precedes or comes before release of theegg, the middle or ____________ phase during which the egg isactually released, and the final or _______________ phase whichcomes after the egg is released and lasts until the next cyclebegins.

Day 1 of the follicular phase marks the beginning of a newcycle. During the follicular phase, as the name implies, a 'cohort'or small group of follicles (i.e. the structures in the ovary inwhich the oocytes are maturing) begin to grow, develop and preparetheir oocytes for release in response to FSH stimulation from theanterior pituitary. These follicles are the main hormone-secretingstructures in the ovary and the main hormone they are secreting is____________. Early in the phase, when estrogen levels are low, theestrogen exerts ____________feedback control on thehypothalamic-pituitary axis and keep GnRH, LH and FSH levelsrelatively low. Eventually, a single follicle assumes dominance,outgrows and out develops the others, and begins to secrete largerand larger amounts of estrogen. When estrogen levels becomesufficiently high, estrogen's effect at the hypothalamus becomestransiently ______________, causing increases in GnRH secretionthat trigger a mid-cycle _______________.

Right around mid-cycle or around day _________ of the 'typical'__________ day long cycle, under the influence of high levels of LHproduced by the LH surge, the wall of the dominant follicle thinsand eventually ruptures, releasing the egg. This release of the eggis termed ovulation, hence the portion of the cycle immediatelypreceding and including ovulation is termed the ovulatory phase.Another effect of LH is that it luteinizes the follicle, producingchanges in the follicle cells that enable the granulosa cells tosecrete ____________ in addition to estratiol.

The final phase of the ovarian cycle, the luteal phase, beginsimmediately after ovulation and lasts until day 1 of the nextcycle. The luteal phase is characterize by the presence andfunctioning of a _____________. This is the name for the structurethat develops from the follicle after it has lost its egg. Theremainder of the follicle involutes or falls in upon itself,becomes highly vascularized and its luteinized' cells secrete highconcentrations of progesterone in addition to estradiol. Theprogesterone exerts an overriding inhibitory effect on hypothalamic__________ secretion at this time. In the absence of pregnancy, theCL will remain highly active for ~12 days before it __________, orbegins to die off and cease its hormone-secreting activities. CLregression causes a rapid drop in the concentrations of estrogenand progesterone secretion over the next 2 days that will result inshedding of the endometrial lining of the uterus and menstruation.Day 1 of menstruation coincides with and serves as the externalindicator that day _________ of a new ovarian cycle has begun.