BIO SCI 93 Chapter 5,16: DNA Structure and Replication

27 views4 pages

scarlethyena643

22 Nov 2016

School

Department

Course

Professor

For unlimited access to Textbook Notes, a Class+ subscription is required.

blushzebra850 and 37920 others unlocked

BIO SCI 93 Full Course Notes

Verified Note

40 documents

Document Summary

Nucleic acids are polymers made of monomers called nucleotides. Two types of nucleic acids, deoxyribonucleic acid (dna) and ribonucleic acid (rna), enable living organisms to reproduce their complex component from one generation to the next. A nucleotide consists of a five-carbon sugar (pentose), a nitrogen-containing (nitrogenous) base, and one or more phosphate groups. A pyrimidine has one six-membered ring of carbon and nitrogen atoms (cytosine (c) thymine (t), and uracil(u)). Purines are larger with a six-membered ring fused to a five- membered ring (adenine (a), guanine (g)). Sequence of bases along a dna (or mrna) polymer unique for each gene and provides very specific information to the cell. The linear order of bases in a gene specifies the amino acid sequence the primary structure- of a protein, which in turn specifies that protein"s 3-d structure and function in the cell. Dna molecules have 2 polynucleotides or strands that wind around an imaginary axis, forming a double helix.

Related Questions

1. Translate the following mRNA strand: AUG ACG GGU AGA UGG UGA.

2. Transcribe the following strand of DNA: AGT CCA GTA

_____3. Which of the following is the building block that will be used to make a nucleic acid?

(a) amino acid (b) glucose (c) triglyceride (d) glycerol (e) nucleotide

_____4. Which of the following nitrogenous bases is NOT found in DNA?

(a) adenine (b) thymine (c) uracil (d) cytosine (e) guanine

_____5. Adenine will base pair with:

(a) thymine (b) adenine (c) cytosine (d) guanine

_____6. What is the name of the process that will copy DNA into RNA?

(a) transcription (b) translation (c) replication (d) mitosis

_____7. Using the genetic code in this lab, what does the codon CCU code for?

(a) met (b) stop (c) leu (d) pro (e) arg

rubyspider503

1. Unlike DNA, RNA contains

deoxyribose

a double strand

phosphates

uracil

Nucleic acid structure

2. In transcription, uracil will bond with:

thymine

cytosine

adenine

guanine

Transcription

3. The first team of scientist to document the structure of DNA was:

Franklin and Wilkins

Watson and Crick

Pauling and Chargoff

None of the above

DNA structure

4. Organelles that synthesize protein are:

lysosomes

ribosomes

endoplasmic reticulum

golgi bodies

5. Most of the time in a cell's life, it's DNA is in the form of:

Chromatin

Chromatids

Replicated chromosomes

Spindle fibers

6. Uracil is a nitrogen base that pairs with adenine. Using this information, one could conclude that uracil is a:

Purine

Pyrimidine

Neither a purine or pyrimidine

Not enough information

7. a nucleotide does not consist of a:

polymerase

5-carbon sugar

phosphate group

nitrogen base

8. The genetic code in DNA of an individual depends on the sequence (order) of:

nucleotides

purines only

phosphates

sugars

9. Before a cell divides, it must duplicate its DNA in a process known as:

translation

transformation

transcription

replication

10. The basic unit (building block) of a protein is a (an):

carbohydrate

amino acid

lipid

hydrogen bond

11. Unlike DNA, RNA contains:

deoxyribose

a double strand

phosphates

uracil

12. The structure of DNA was first documented in:

1945

1953

1956

1962

13. In DNA replication, the new molecules produced are:

of unequal length

both assembled in the same direction

built with purines as the backbone

assembled in opposite directions

DNA replication

14. The "backbone" of DNA is composed of:

ribose and phosphates

deoxyribose and phosphates

ribose and uracil

deoxyribose and thymine

DNA structure

15. RNA differs from DNA in which of the following ways?

RNA is single-stranded

RNA contains ribose

RNA does not contain thymine

All of the above

DNA structure

16. Which of the following is NOT required for the transcription process itself?

RNA polymerase

DNA

uracil-containing nucleotides

ribosomes

skyhamster121

Which of the following is NOT a direct consequence of the fact that DNA polymerase can only build onto the end of an existing nucleic acid?

Question 6 options:

	DNA replication requires primers
	Bits of DNA are lost from the ends of your chromosomes in each successive round of replication
	RNA is involved in DNA replication
	The enzyme "primase" is needed for DNA replication
	There are multiple origins of replication on each eukaryotic chromosome

How does a nucleotide sequence code for a protein in nearly all living organisms?

Question 7 options:

	a sequence of 3 nucleotides can code for one of 64 different amino acids
	a sequence of 2 nucleotides can code for one of 64 different amino acids
	a sequence of 2 nucleotides can code for one of 20 different amino acids
	a sequence of 3 nucleotides can code for one of 20 different amino acids
	a sequence of 3 nucleotides can code for 3 different amino acids

Fill in the blanks. To make one strand of DNA, _________ monomers are linked together in a chain, forming a polymer we call a(n) ________ .

Question 8 options:

	nitrogenous bases, hydrogen bond
	nucleotide, nucleic acid
	amino acid, nucleic acid
	nucleotide, nitrogenous base
	amino acid, protein

Which of the following was NOT part of the ideas that Darwin used in his book On the Origin of Species?

Question 9 options:

	organisms vary in characteristics that affect survival and reproduction
	variation in traits is often heritable
	descent with modification explains life's unity and life's diversity
	organisms inherit characteristics from their parents that the parents acquired in their own lifetimes
	natural selection is a cause of adaptive evolution

Here is a hypothetical mRNA sequence:

5' G G A U G C U A G U A U G A 3'

What is the amino acid sequence encoded by this mRNA?

Question 10 options:

	Met-Ile-Val
	Asp-Ala-Ser-Met
	Met-Leu-Val
	Ser-Met-Ile-Val
	Gly-Cys

BIO SCI 93 Chapter 5,16: DNA Structure and Replication

BIO SCI 93 Full Course Notes

Document Summary

Get access

Related textbook solutions

Molecular Cell Biology

Biology: Science for Life with Physiology

Biology

Concepts of Biology

Essentials of Biology

Related Documents

BIO SCI 93 Lecture Notes - Lecture 15: Cytosine, Guanine, Thymine

BIO SCI 93 Lecture Notes - Lecture 11: Nitrogenous Base, Hydrogen Bond, Pyrimidine

BIO SCI 93 Chapter Notes - Chapter 17: Gene Expression, Start Codon, Primary Transcript

Related Questions