GEOG 332 Chapter 4-7: Global Shift (Technological Change to TNC-State Relations
29 Sep 2016
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Document Summary
Chapter 4: technological change: gales of creative destruction". Technological change is one of the most important processes underlying the globalization of economic activity. It is often seen as innovation- the creation and diffusion of new ways of doing things. Technological change accounts for how rapidly the economy changes and what is changed as a result, and geography still plays a role in it. Incremental innovations: small scale changes to existing products. Accumulates unnoticeably and late to create significant changes after a long period of time. Radical innovations: drastic changes to existing products. There has to be a cluster of these innovations to have a widespread effect. Changes of technology system: extensive changes in technology that impact upon several existing parts of the economy. Often a combination of radical and incremental innovations, and the changes are associated with the emergence of key generic technologies. Changes in the techno-economic paradigm: large-scale revolutionary changes embodied in new technologies.
