BSC 300 Chapter 15: Chapter 15 Textbook Notes

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Second messengers- a small intracellular molecule whose concentration increases (or decreases) in response to binding of an extracellular signal and that functions in signal transduction: calcium ions. In muscle, a signal-induced rise in cytosolic calcium ions triggers contraction. In endocrine cells, a similar increase in calcium ions induces exocytosis of secretory vesicles containing hormones, which are thus released into the circulation. In neurons, an increase in cytosolic calcium ions leads to the exocytosis of neurotransmitter- containing vesicles. In general, the maximal cellular response to a particular ligand is induced when much less than. Immunoprecipitation assays, a type of antibody-affinity chromatography, are frequently used to measure the activity of a particular kinase in a cell extract. Section 15. 3: g protein-coupled receptors: structure and mechanism. Gpcr structure, covalently linked to a light-absorbing pigment called retinal: the heterotrimeric g protein coupled to rhodopsin, called transducin, contains a g unit referred to as g t.

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