BIO 123 Chapter Notes - Chapter 41: Food Processing, Macromolecule, Digestion
18 Feb 2019
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Animals must consume food for both energy and the organic molecules used to assemble new molecules, cells and tissues. Ch 41. 1: an animal"s diet must supply chemical energy, organic building blocks, and essential nutrients. An adequate diet must satisfy three nutritional needs: chemical energy for cellular processes, organic building blocks for macromolecules, and essential nutrients. Essential nutrients: substances that an animal requires but cannot assemble from simple organic molecules. Essential amino acids, fatty acids, vitamins, and minerals. All organisms require a standard set of 20 amino acids to make a complete set of proteins. Complete proteins: provide all the essential amino acids. Organic molecules that are required in the diet in very small amounts. Inorganic nutrients that are usually required in small amounts. Ingesting too much of some minerals can upset homeostatic balance and cause health problems. A diet that lacks one or more essential nutrients or consistently supplies less chemical energy than the body requires results in malnutrition.
