PHYS 799 Chapter Notes - Chapter 5: Squamous Cell Carcinoma, Fibrosarcoma, Fibroma
22 Apr 2019
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* bolded text and tables were called out as need to know or were comments added by dr. deyrup. Additional 20% have occult (hidden) metastases: mets more likely when primary tumor is large and anaplastic, dissemination by: seeding w/in body cavities lymphatic spread typical of carcinomas; Sentinel lymph node first regional lymph node that receives lymph flow from primary tumor. Key in staging: hematogenous spread favored by sarcomas because they have thicker walls. Liver and lungs most frequently involved secondary sites: renal cell and hepatocellular carcinomas often grow w/in veins. Governors rb mutation removes important break on cellular proliferation. Guardian tp53 responsible for sensing genomic damage; mutation allows acquisition of mutations in oncogenes and tumor suppressor genes: genes that regulate apoptosis, genes involved in dna repair. Carcinogenesis: tumor progression become more aggressive and acquire greater malignant potential; accumulate mutations incrementally and become less responsive to therapy over time.
