ANTH 1001 Chapter : ANTH 1001 Note2
Document Summary
Gene: a segment of dna that codes for a protein or a sequence of a nucleotide. Alleles: an alternative form of the same gene. Genotype: set of genes possessed by the individual (example: rr, rr, rr) Phenotype: physical characteristics (example: round, wrinkled, tall, short) Homozygous: having 2 copies of a same allele (example: rr, rr) Heterozygous: having one copy of each different allele (example: rr, rw) Dominant allele: allele that is phenotypically expressed in both heterozygotes and homozygotes. Recessive allele: the allele that is expressed phenotypically only in homozygotes. Principle of independent assortment: segregation of one pair of genes does not influence the segregation of another pair of genes, genes that affect other traits are transmitted to the offspring independently of one another. Produces 2 identical daughter cells that are diploid. Homologous chromosomes: pairs of chromosome with the same sequence of genes. Analogous chromosomes:pair of chromosomes with different sequence of genes.
