NUR 239 Chapter Notes - Chapter 3-4: Hypothalamus, Wound Healing, Paracetamol
23 Jun 2018
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NUR 239/Pathophysiology and Pharmacotherapeutics in Nursing I
Unit 1/PGR Note 3: Intro to Inflammation - Patho
Complete the following study guide and submit on Reggie Net by the due date on the Course Calendar
Porth Chapter 3 – Inflammation, the Inflammatory Response, and Fever
Define the following terms:
Acute Inflammation is triggered by noxious stimuli, such as infection or tissue injury, is rapid in
onset and is of relatively short duration, lasting from a few minutes to several days
Chronic Inflammation is of longer duration, lasting for days to years and is often associated
with the proliferation of blood vessels, tissues necrosis and fibrosis
Thermostatic set point of the thermoregulatory center is the level at which body temperature is
regulated so that core temperature is maintained within normal range
Key Learning Objectives - Answer the follow questions (Porth Chapter 3)
What is the suffix added to organs and tissues indicating an inflammatory condition? -itis
What are the cardinal signs of inflammation? - these signs are rubor (redness), tumor (swelling), calor
(heat), and dolor (pain).
Describe the stages of Acute inflammation. (see Understanding Acute inflammation p. 54-55)- vascular
and cellular. Vascular- involve the arterioles, capillaries, and venules of the microcirculation, it is
characterize by vasodilation and changes in blood flow followed by increased vascular permeability and
leakage of protein-rich fluid into the extravascular tissue space
Cellular stage is marked by stages in the endothelial cells lining the vasculature and movement of
phagocytic leukocytes into the area of injury or infection. The sequence of events in cellular response
to inflammation includes leukocyte : margination and adhesion, transmigration, chemotaxis and
activation and phagocytosis
Describe the local Manifestations of Inflammation. (p. 60) are determined by severity of the reaction,
its specific cause, and the site of involvement can range from mild swelling and redness to abscess
formation or ulceration
Describe the characteristic of Chronic Inflammation. Infiltration with mononuclear cells (macrophages,
lymphocytes, and plasma cells)and attempted connective tissue repair involving angiogenesis and
fibrosis
How are acute and chronic inflammation differentiated? Acute- is triggered by noxious stimuli, such
as infection or tissue injury, is rapid in onset and is of relatively short duration, lasting from a
few minutes to several days
Chronic- is of longer duration, lasting for days to years and is often associated with the
proliferation of blood vessels, tissues necrosis and fibrosis
What are some causes (or suspected causes) of chronic inflammation?
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