NUR 239 Chapter Notes - Chapter 1-2: Endoplasmic Reticulum, Active Transport, Exocytosis
23 Jun 2018
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NUR 239/Pathophysiology and Pharmacotherapeutics in Nursing I
Unit 1/PGR Note 1: Intro to Pathophysiology
Complete the following study guide and submit on Reggie Net by the due date on the Course Calendar
Porth, C. M. (2015). Essentials of Pathophysiology (4th ed.).
Define the following terms (Introduction to Pathophysiology, p. xviii – xxii):
Patho means disease
Physiology deals with the function of human body
Disease: defined as an interruption, cessation or disorder of a body system or organ structure
that is characterized usually by a recognized etiologic agent or agents, an identifiable group of
signs and symptoms
Etiology: The cause of the disease
Pathogenesis: is the sequence of cellular and tissue evets that take place from the time of initial
contact with an etiological agent until the ultimate expression of a disease
Clinical Manifestations: the condition is silent at the onset and is detected during examination
for other purposes or after the disease is far advance
Signs & Symptoms is a subjective complaint that is noted by the person with a disorder,
whereas a sign is a manifestation that is noted by an observer
Syndrome is a complication of signs and symptoms that are characteristic of a specific disease
date
Complications are possible
Diagnosis is the designation as to the nature or cause of a health problem
Validity refers to the extent to which a measurement tool measures what it is intended to
measure
Reliability refers to the extent to which an observation, if repeated, gives same result
Sensitivity refers to the proportion of people with a disease who are positive for the disease on a
given test or observation
Specificity refers to the proportion of people without the disease who are negative on a given
test or observation
Predictive Value is the extent to which an observation or test result is able to predict the
presence of a given disease or condition
Clinical Course describes the evolution of a disease
Acute Disorders is one that is relatively severe, but self-limiting
Chronic Disease implies a continuous, long term process
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find more resources at oneclass.com
find more resources at oneclass.com
NUR 239/Pathophysiology and Pharmacotherapeutics in Nursing I
Unit 1/PGR Note 1: Intro to Pathophysiology
Complete the following study guide and submit on Reggie Net by the due date on the Course Calendar
Epidemiology is the study of disease occurrence in human populations
Incidence reflects the number of new cases arising in a population at risk during a specific time
Prevalence is a measure of existing disease in a population at a given point in time
Morbidity describes the effects an illness has on a person’s life
Mortality statistics provide information about the causes of death in a given population
Natural History of a disease refers to the progression and projected outcome of the disease
without medical intervention
Prognosis refers to the probable outcome and prospect of recovery from a disease
Level of Prevention (Primary, Secondary, & Tertiary) primary prevention is directed at keeping
disease from occurring by removing all risk factors
Secondary prevention detects disease early when it is still asymptomatic and treatment
measures can affect a cure or stop the disease from progressing
Tertiary prevention is directed at clinical intervention that prevent further deterioration or
reduce the complications of a disease once it has been diagnosed
Key Learning Objectives - Answer the follow questions:
Identify the key elements of the disease process.
Provide examples of four etiologic agents.
What is the difference between etiology and pathogenesis?
Name ways diseases are categorized and give examples of each category.
What is the difference between a “sign” and a “symptom”?- is a subjective complaint that is
noted by the person with a disorder, whereas a sign is a manifestation that is noted by an
observer
Define the following terms (Porth Chapter 1 – Cell and Tissue Function):
2
find more resources at oneclass.com
find more resources at oneclass.com
Document Summary
Define the following terms (introduction to pathophysiology, p. xviii xxii): Physiology deals with the function of human body. Disease: defined as an interruption, cessation or disorder of a body system or organ structure that is characterized usually by a recognized etiologic agent or agents, an identifiable group of signs and symptoms. Pathogenesis: is the sequence of cellular and tissue evets that take place from the time of initial contact with an etiological agent until the ultimate expression of a disease. Clinical manifestations: the condition is silent at the onset and is detected during examination for other purposes or after the disease is far advance. Signs & symptoms is a subjective complaint that is noted by the person with a disorder, whereas a sign is a manifestation that is noted by an observer. Syndrome is a complication of signs and symptoms that are characteristic of a specific disease date.
