BIO-1201 Chapter Notes - Chapter 6: Stellar Atmosphere, Thylakoid, Food Web
Chapter 6
Energy of Life
● The most important process on earth?
○ Capturing the energy of the sun, Creating the first energy molecule
● Sunlight as energy
○ 27 million degrees at its core
■ 8,000 degrees Fahrenheit on it’s surface, 3.5 million degrees in the outer
atmosphere
○ Could support all our energy needs
■ The amount of solar energy reaching the surface of the planet is so vast
that in one year it is about twice as much as will ever be obtained from all
of the Earth’s non-renewable resources of coal, oil, natural gas, and mined
uranium combined
○ 300 deg Fahrenheit without the earth’s atmosphere to temper the heat
○ Plants compete for light
● Photosynthesis
○ Carbon is the backbone of all organic molecules
○ Linking of carbon atoms to build a sugar requires an input of energy
● Benefits
○ Oxygen-02, biomass- food, wood, paper, drugs from plants-morphine, beauty
● Organisms that photosynthesize
○ Plants, bacteria (cyanobacteria), and algae (and other protists)
● Food chain and Food web
● Autotrophs vs heterotrophs
○ Autotrophs are self feeders
○ Heterotrophs feed on autotrophs and each other
■ Acquire carbon and energy from autotrophs
■ Example- animals, bacteria, fungi, protists
● Where does photosynthesis take place?
● Where do the reactions take place?
○ Chloroplasts
■ Organelles specialized for photosynthesis
● Two outer membranes surrounding the fluid interior (stroma_
● Highly folded inner membrane that looks like stacked sacs
(Thylakoid membrane)
○ Capture and conversion of sunlight energy to chemical
energy occurs here
● Light dependent reactions
○ Occur in the thylakoids
○ Sunlight splits water molecules
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Document Summary
8,000 degrees fahrenheit on it"s surface, 3. 5 million degrees in the outer atmosphere. 300 deg fahrenheit without the earth"s atmosphere to temper the heat. Carbon is the backbone of all organic molecules. Linking of carbon atoms to build a sugar requires an input of energy. Oxygen-02, biomass- food, wood, paper, drugs from plants-morphine, beauty. Plants, bacteria (cyanobacteria), and algae (and other protists) Heterotrophs feed on autotrophs and each other. Capturing the energy of the sun, creating the first energy molecule. Two outer membranes surrounding the fluid interior (stroma_ Highly folded inner membrane that looks like stacked sacs (thylakoid membrane) Capture and conversion of sunlight energy to chemical energy occurs here. Atp and nadph (energy molecules) are produced. Co2 is dismantled for the carbon and oxygen. A class of molecules that absorb light. Chlorophyll- absorbs blue and red, reflects green. Carotenoids- absorbs violet and blue; reflects yellow, orange and red. The color you see is the color not absorbed.
