PS263 Chapter Notes - Chapter 14: Monoamine Oxidase, Neurotrophic Factors, Chlorpromazine
Document Summary
Often, investigators first find a drug that seems helpful and then try to figure out how it works. First antidepressant drug was iproniazid, originally marketed to treat tuberculosis. Chlorpromazine originally used for other purposes until physicians noticed its ability to alleviate schizophrenia. Block transporter proteins that reabsorb serotonin, dopamine, norepinephrine into the presynaptic neuron after release. Locks transporter into initial position and prolongs presence of neurotransmitters in synaptic cleft where they continue stimulating postsynaptic cell. Block histamine receptors, acetylcholine receptors, and certain sodium channels. Blocking acetylcholine receptors leads to dry mouth and difficulty urinating. Blocking sodium channels causes heart irregularities and other problems. Similar to tricyclics but specific to neurotransmitter serotonin. Fluoxetine (prozac), sertraline (zoloft), fluvocamine (luvox) etc block reuptake of serotonin. Serotonin norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors snris block reuptake of serotonin and norepinephrine. Ex phenelzine (nardil) block enzyme monoamine oxidase mao, a presynaptic enzyme that metabolizes catecholamines and serotonin into inactive forms.
