BI110 Chapter Notes - Chapter 8: Photosynthetic Pigment, Electromagnetic Spectrum, Photosynthetic Reaction Centre

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14 Mar 2018

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To use sunlight to power calvin cycle, cell must be able ti use light energy to produce both nadph and atp. Light energy absorbed by pigment molecules drives ow of electrons through photosynthetic electron transport chain. Movement of electrons through the etc lead to formation of both nadph and atp. Visible light: is portion of the electromagnetic spectrum apparent to our eyes including range of wavelength used in photosynthesis. Pigments are molecules that absorb some wavelength of visible light. Chlorophyll: major photosynthetic pigment, appears green since it is poor at absorbing green wavelengths. Chlorophyll molecule consists of light absorbing head wiht magnesium atom and a long hydrocarbon tail. Photosystems: protein pigment complexes are functional and structural units that absorb light energy and use it to drive electron transport. Carotenoids play an important role in protecting the etc from damage. When visible light is absorbed by chlorophyll one electron is elevated to a higher energy state.

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Photosynthesis

Light Reactions:

Photosynthesis is the process of reducing/oxidizing (circle one) _____________________ to produce ___________________. This overall reduction-oxidation reaction requires _________________ to begin the flow of __________________. Photosynthetic ____________________ absorb light energy and are located in ___________________ found embedded within the membranes of __________________. The most prevalent one include the ___________________ which reflect ________________ light and absorb the other wavelengths of light. Accessory pigments include ___________________. When light energy is absorbed in photosynthesis, electrons of pigment molecules become _________________ and move into higher potential energy _______________. When the electrons return to their previous position, _____________ is passed to the ______________________ pigment molecule. Electrons within this pigment molecule move to a high potential energy state and are âgrabbedâ by _________________________ chains. Electrons from photosystem II are passed to ______________________. Electrons from photosystem I are passed to _________________. As electrons move in the electron transport chain associated with photosystem I/II (circle one), the energy released is used to power ___________ pumps and __________ is produced via a process known as ________________________. Photosystem I/II (circle one) electrons must be replaced to continue the reaction so ____________ is split for its electrons. The products _______________ & _______________ then proceed to the ______________________ cycle.

Calvin Cycle:

The Calvin Cycle can be broken into 3 main series of reactions. In the first group, known as the __________________ step, ______________________ combines with 3 molecules of ____________________ to form 6 molecules of _____________________. This reaction is catalyzed by ___________________. ________________ can act as a competitive inhibitor of this enzyme, shutting down this step in a process known as ______________________________. In the second series of reactions known as the __________________ steps, the molecules produced in the previous step get oxidized/reduced (circle one). The source of electrons is _________from the light reactions. This step is endergonic/exergonic (circle one) and thus requires _______ from the light reactions. Six molecules of _____________________ are produced, ______ (#) of which will continue in biosynthetic pathways to produce __________________. The remaining molecules will then enter the ______________________ steps which require _____________ from the light reaction. In this step, 3 molecules of _______________ are produced so that this cyclic reaction can continue.

Chlorophyll is a pigment that absorbs specific wavelengths of light, and the absorption of that light leads to the passage of electrons to a higher energy state, where chemical energy can then be harvested from them. You would expect that a plant exposed to which color of light would produce the most photosynthesis?

Which color of light would you expect chlorophyll to absorb the least?

Most plants are green because....

chlorophyll absorbs green light well

chlorophyll does not absorb green light well

chlorophyll reflects green light well

both of the last two answers are correct

Thinking about the gases involved in respiration and photosynthesis, during the day, a plant is producing____ from respiration and releasing_____ from photosynthesis. But at night, a plant is only producing_______ from respiration.(spell your answers out completely).

Plants perform cellular respiration to produce.......

Which of the following is true about plants and cellular respiration?

plants perform cellular respiration only during the night

plants perform cellular respiration only during the day

plants perform cellular respiration during the night and day

plants do not perform cellular respiration

Which of the following is true regarding plants and photosynthesis?

plants perform photosynthesis only during the night

plants perform photosynthesis only during the day

plants perform photosynthesis during the night and day

plants do not perform photosynthesis

Is it possible for this plant to consistently do more cellular respiration than photosynthesis?

yes, plants use excess ATP for growth

yes, but only during winter months

not today, but fossil records shows they did in the past

no, plants can't consume food faster than they make it

Photosynthesis (Ch 8)

List the locations of the light reactions & the Calvincycle within the chloroplast and identify location on adiagram
Use the absorption spectrum of a pigment to identifywavelengths absorbed and reflected by that pigment
Describe the events of the light reactions including:

Excitation of electrons vs donation of electrons
Pathway of excited electrons through photosystem II, firstelectron transport chain, photosystem I and 2^nd electrontransport chain
Sources of electrons in photosystems I and II
ATP production using energy from an electron transportchain

List the products of the light reactions
Explain the indirect role of light reactions vs direct role ofCalvin cycle reactions in sugar production
Describe Calvin cycle events

Carbon fixation
Regeneration of CO₂ acceptor molecule (RuBP)

Explain the function of the Calvin cycle in plant cellularmetabolism
Compare & contrast electron transport and ATP synthesisbetween cellular respiration and photosynthesis

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BI110 Chapter Notes - Chapter 8: Photosynthetic Pigment, Electromagnetic Spectrum, Photosynthetic Reaction Centre

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