BIO206H5 Chapter Notes - Chapter 6: Messenger Rna, Ribonucleotide, Dna Replication
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Document Summary
Transcription the process of writing a portion of dna nucleotide sequence into an rna nucleotide sequence. Although it is copied from one form to another, it is essentially written in the same language (base pairs of nucleotides) Rna is a linear polymer made of four different nucleotide subunits (a, g, c and u) U pairs with a while g pairs with c: however, in rna other types of base pairs can also be seen such as g-u pairing. Unlike dna, rna is single-stranded (allowing it to fold into a particular shape like proteins) Transcription produces rna complimentary to one strand of dna. Rna is a cell made by dna transcription. Transcription differs from dna replication: unlike a dna strand, the rna strand does not remain h-bonded to the dna template strand. The rna chain displaces itself from the dna helix once it is formed: the rna strands are much shorter than the dna strands as only short portions are copied.
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DNA Structure and Function LabReport
- DNA Structure
- Which two scientists are credited with discovering DNA?
- Name the nitrogen bases that are purines.
- Which nitrogen base pairs with thymine?
- List the three components of a nucleotide.
- DNA Replication
- What is the purpose of DNA replication?
- How many times does replication occur in the life of acell?
- In the Lab, Exercise 2, the original strand on the left had thebases shown below. Input the new bases that correctly pair with theoriginal strand.
Original | New |
C | |
A | |
G | |
T |
- RNA Structure
- Describe the structure and function of RNA.
- Refer to Exercise 3 and record the bases of the RNA strandproduced from the replicated DNA strand.
DNA | RNA |
C | |
A | |
G | |
T |
- Record the differences between DNA and RNA in the tablebelow.
DNA | RNA | |
Sugars | ||
Bases | ||
Strands |
- RNA Synthesis
- The process of assembling RNA is called _________.
- How is replication different from transcription?
- Refer to Exercise 4. Write the letters for the base sequence ofmRNA in the spaces below DNA. Note that the order is reversed;start with the 3â end of the DNA strand and the 5â end of the mRNAstrand. Transcription is DNA to mRNA. Note RNA contains Uracilinstead of Thymine; There is no thymine in RNA.
DNA | 3â | C | G | T | C | G | T | C | C | A | A | T | T | 5â |
mRNA | 5â | 3â |
- Protein Synthesis
- What type of RNA provides amino acids to build polypeptidechains?
- If a mRNA strand has the bases 5â CUC 3â, what amino acid willbe translated? Refer to the printable chart in Exercise 5.
- Where in the cell does translation occur?
- Genes
- What could be the problem if there is a change in the basesequence of a gene as it is passed down to the offspring?
- Give an example of a disorder that results from changes in theamino acid sequence.
- What causes sickle cell anemia?
- Gene Cloning
- What is the function of a plasmid?
- Print the document from Lab, Exercise 6. Complete the activityalong with the video demonstration. Sign, date, and take an imageof your final product and include with this lab report.