BIO153H5 Chapter Notes - Chapter 27: Bacteriorhodopsin, Sewage Treatment, Streptococcal Pharyngitis
Document Summary
Concept 27. 1 structural, functional, and genetic adaptations contribute to prokaryotic success. Prokaryotes are small: most prokaryotes are unicellular, some species may aggregate transiently or form true colonies, showing division of labor between specialized cell types, most prokaryotes have diameters in the range of 1 5 ?m, compared to. 10 100 ?m for most eukaryotic cells: the largest prokaryote discovered so far has a diameter of 750 ? m, the most common shapes among prokaryotes are spheres (cocci), rods (bacilli), and helices. Nearly all prokaryotes have a cell wall external to the plasma membrane. In nearly all prokaryotes, a cell wall maintains the shape of the cell, affords physical protection, and prevents the cell from bursting in a hypotonic environment. Many prokaryotes are motile: about half of all prokaryotes are capable of directional movement, some species can move at speeds exceeding 50 ?m/sec, about. Among the photoautotrophic prokaryotes are the cyanobacteria.
