BIO152H5 Chapter 5: Chapter 5 Macromolecules

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orangereindeer616

13 Sep 2015

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Tuesday, december 9, 2014. Polymer: long molecule consisting of many similar or identical building blocks linked by covalent bonds. Making/breaking polymers are facilitated by enzymes (in the cell) Dehydration rxn: monomers connected by a reaction that releases water. Hydrolysis: reverse of dehydration. Occurs when breaking polymers. Carbohydrates: sugars & polymers of sugars. >> another way of classifying sugars is by size of the carbon skeleton(3- 7 carbons). Asymmetric carbon: carbon with 4 different atoms attached. Glucose (& most 5- 6 carbon sugars) form rings. Disaccharide: two monosaccharides joing by a glycosidic bond (covalent formed by dehydration rxn) Polysaccharide: polymers with a few hundred/thousand monosaccharides joined by glycosidic bonds. >> serve as storage, building material . >> plants store starch (glucose polymer) >> joined by 1- 4 linkages (# 1 & 4 carbon) >> simplest form: amylose - unbranched. >> animals store polymers called glycogen. >> like amylopectin but more branched.

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