PHA 3112 Chapter Notes - Chapter 31: Tardive Dyskinesia, Antipsychotic, Atypical Antipsychotic
10 Dec 2016
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Document Summary
Antipsychotic agents are used for many psychotic disorders: schizophrenia, delusional disorders, bipolar disorder, depressive psychoses, & drug-induced psychoses. Before they were introduced in 1950s, psychoses was untreatable & patients were institutionalized. Antipsychotic drugs fall into 2 major groups: (1) first-generation antipsychotics (fgas), also known as conventional antipsychotics & neuroleptics (2) second-generation antipsychotics (sgas), also known as atypical antipsychotics. All fgas block dopamine receptors in cns = thus, can cause extrapyramidal symptoms (eps): serious movement disorders. Sgas produce only moderate blockade of dopamine receptors & stronger blockade of serotonin receptors; since dopamine receptor blockade is low, eps poses little risk. Sgas pose a risk of metabolic effects: weight gain, diabetes, & dyslipidemia which can cause cardiovascular events & early death. Schizophrenia: a chronic psychotic illness with disordered thinking & reduced ability to comprehend reality; symptoms emerge during adolescence or early adulthood.
