MBG 2040 Chapter Notes - Chapter 13: Ethyl Methanesulfonate, Acridine Orange, Frameshift Mutation

• School: University of Guelph
• Department: Molecular Biology and Genetics
• Course: MBG 2040
• Professor: James Uniacke

Document Summary

Key points: mutations are heritable changes in the genetic material that provide the raw material for evolution. In contrast to most alkylating agents, the hydroxylating agent hydroxylamine has a specific mutagenic effect. Mutations induced by radiation: the portion of the electromagnetic spectrum with wavelengths shorter and of higher energy than visible light is subdivided into ionizing radiation and nonionizing radiation. Key points: mutations are induced by chemicals, ionizing irradiation, ultraviolet light, and endogenous transposable genetic elements, point mutation are of three types, transitions, transversions, frameshift mutation, several inherited human diseases are caused by expanded trinucleotide repeats. Mutation: somatic or germinal: germinal mutations are those that occur in germ-line cells, whereas somatic mutations occur in somatic cells. If a mutation occurs in a somatic cell, the resulting mutant phenotype will occur only in the descendant of that cell. If dominant mutations occur in germ-line cells, their effects may be expressed immediately in progeny.