MBG 1000 Chapter Notes - Chapter 10: Ribosomal Rna, Intron, Uracil
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17 Apr 2016
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Chapter 10: gene action- from dna to protein. Rna is single-stranded, has uracil and ribose, and has different functions than dna. Each three mrna bases in a row form a codon that specifies a particular amino acid. Ribosomal rna and proteins form ribosomes, which physically support protein synthesis and help catalyze bonding between amino acids. Transfer rnas connect mrna codons to amino acids. In more complex organisms, cascades of transcription factors control gene expressions. Rna polymerase inserts complementary rna bases opposite the dna template strand. Messenger rna (mrna) gains a modified nucleotide cap and a poly a tail. Introns are transcribed and cut out, and exons are reattached. Introns are common and large in human genes. Certain genes are processed into different-sized rnas in different cell types. Dna: usually double-stranded, thymine as a base, deoxyribose as the sugar, maintains protein-encoding information, cannot function as an enzyme, persists.
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DNA Structure and Function LabReport
- DNA Structure
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- Which nitrogen base pairs with thymine?
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- What is the purpose of DNA replication?
- How many times does replication occur in the life of acell?
- In the Lab, Exercise 2, the original strand on the left had thebases shown below. Input the new bases that correctly pair with theoriginal strand.
Original | New |
C | |
A | |
G | |
T |
- RNA Structure
- Describe the structure and function of RNA.
- Refer to Exercise 3 and record the bases of the RNA strandproduced from the replicated DNA strand.
DNA | RNA |
C | |
A | |
G | |
T |
- Record the differences between DNA and RNA in the tablebelow.
DNA | RNA | |
Sugars | ||
Bases | ||
Strands |
- RNA Synthesis
- The process of assembling RNA is called _________.
- How is replication different from transcription?
- Refer to Exercise 4. Write the letters for the base sequence ofmRNA in the spaces below DNA. Note that the order is reversed;start with the 3â end of the DNA strand and the 5â end of the mRNAstrand. Transcription is DNA to mRNA. Note RNA contains Uracilinstead of Thymine; There is no thymine in RNA.
DNA | 3â | C | G | T | C | G | T | C | C | A | A | T | T | 5â |
mRNA | 5â | 3â |
- Protein Synthesis
- What type of RNA provides amino acids to build polypeptidechains?
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- Genes
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