7125 Chapter Notes - Chapter 1: Illusory Correlation, Brainstorming, Ingroups And Outgroups
21 Jun 2018
School
Department
Course
Professor
Tutorial 3: Group processes and decision making
- Leaderships
oTask-oriented: organizes work, focuses on achieving goals
Men more likely
Good when control is high or low
oSocio-emotional oriented: builds teamwork, mediates conflict, offers support
Women more likely
Good when control is moderate
oTransactional leader: focus on transaction or exchange of resources
oTransformational leader: exerts influence via vision and inspiration
- Brainstorming
oTraditional
Sit in circle and discuss ideas
oBrainwriting
Write on paper, put on table – others can look at your ideas during session
No verbal communication
oNo more creative in group than alone
oMore ideas in group than alone
oBest in small
oNominal groups (create ideas but do not interact) twice as creative as interacting
groups
oFactors
Evaluation apprehension
Social loafing/free riding
Production matching
Use of average group performance to guide own ideas
Production blocking
Reduction in individual creativity and productivity due to
interruptions and turn talking
oElectronic brainstorming
Reduced blocking
find more resources at oneclass.com
find more resources at oneclass.com
Produces more ideas than face to face
Tutorial 4: prejudice and stereotyping/intergroup conflict and cooperation
- Stereotype: cognitive component of prejudice, schemas: widely shared and simplified
evaluative image of a social group and its members
oFormation of stereotypes
Categorization
Outgroup homogeneity effect – see outgroup members as alike, ingroup
members as different
Distinctiveness – distinctive stimuli grab our attention
Ie criminal activity
oPay more attention to it
Illusory correlation – perception of stronger association between 2 variables
than actually exists
Co-occurrence of 2 distinctive events is attention grabbing eg
minority group status and illegal behaviour
Overestimate relationship between these 2 events – formation of a
stereotype
Experiences
Education, family
Media and culture
oOld people
Warm but incompetent
oContact hypothesis
Contact is short, not frequent and unpleasant
Conditions met
Equal status, common goals, support
oAccurate?
Overgeneralization of reality
oConsequences
Negative expectations lead to discrimination
Self-fulfiling prophecies, stereotype threat
- Implicit versus explicit measures of prejudice
find more resources at oneclass.com
find more resources at oneclass.com
Document Summary
Leaderships: task-oriented: organizes work, focuses on achieving goals. Good when control is high or low: socio-emotional oriented: builds teamwork, mediates conflict, offers support. Good when control is moderate: transactional leader: focus on transaction or exchange of resources, transformational leader: exerts influence via vision and inspiration. Sit in circle and discuss ideas: brainwriting. Write on paper, put on table others can look at your ideas during session. No verbal communication: no more creative in group than alone, more ideas in group than alone, best in small, nominal groups (create ideas but do not interact) twice as creative as interacting groups, factors. Use of average group performance to guide own ideas. Reduction in individual creativity and productivity due to interruptions and turn talking: electronic brainstorming. Tutorial 4: prejudice and stereotyping/intergroup conflict and cooperation. Stereotype: cognitive component of prejudice, schemas: widely shared and simplified evaluative image of a social group and its members: formation of stereotypes.
