BIO 440 Study Guide - Quiz Guide: Mendelian Inheritance, Personalized Medicine, Genetic Marker

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orchidwalrus151

27 Feb 2017

School

West Chester University

Department

Biology

Course

BIO 440

Professor

Jessica Sullivan- Brown

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Document Summary

How to study: read the corresponding chapters in the book (chapters 1-5). Describe the features of the diseases we discussed in class and the corresponding genes and mutations. Describe the normal function of the genes (if we discussed this in class) and why mutations in these gene result in a disease. If presented with a pedigree you should know how to determine if a trait is x-linked, autosomal recessive or dominant. How to interpret lod curves and what type of information you would know to calculate them. Describe in general terms how epigenetic marks, such as methylation, regulate gene expression. Describe the different effects dna sequence variant can have on proteins. Describe how single base pair mutations can alter the amino acid sequence and name these types of variations. Describe the genetic defect responsible for cmt. In reference to the pmp22 gene describe the different type of chromosomes that arise (ie duplications vs deletion vs wiltype).

Related Questions

Biology lab homework

Dragon Genes

http://www.concord.org/stem-resources/modern-genetics

BLY 121L - Take HomeAssignment

Due: Start of class time âAt thestart of class next week

Answers MUST beâ¦

â¢ typed (no smaller than 11-pointfont)

â¢ complete sentences (i.e., grammaticallycorrect â AND spell check!)

â¢ THIS IS NOT AGROUP EFFORT â NO POINTS WILL BE AWARDED, IF YOUR PAPER ISSIMILAR IN CONTENT AND WORDING TO THAT OF YOURPEERâS.

Complete ALL4 modules:

1. Intro& Rules

2. Meiosis

3. Pedigree andGenes

4. The PlatesProblem

Complete and answer all of the questions fromeach module.

Introduction

Breed dragons to yield several offspring anddevelop a chart for all of the phenotypic characteristics youobserve.

â¢ Note the genotype and dominant/recessivecondition for each trait.

â¢ When you reach this section of theexercise, be sure to change the genotype for all traits to completethe chart.

Whatare the traits exhibited by yourdragons?

**YOUMUST TURN IN YOURCOMPLETED CHART AND IT MUST BE LEGIBLE!

Rules

Dominance and Recessive Traits

What isthe chromosome number(ânâ) for thedragons?

Which trait(s)exhibit incompletedominance?

What does it mean fora trait to be incompletely dominant?

Noallelic combination is described as being heterozygousrecessive. Why do you thinkthis is thecase?

Some Traits are Sex-linked

Which dragontrait(s)is/are sex-linked?

How dosex-linked traits differ from autosomal traits?

Color and Lethal Combinations

Describehow the inheritance ofcolor is different from that of horns and/orwings.

On whichchromosome is the lethal combination exhibited? What is the lethalcombination?

Meiosis

What is the phenotypeof your new dragon?

Whichtraits areinherited from the mother dragon? AND Which traits are inherited from the father dragon?

Wereany traits expressed by the offspring that differed from either or both of the parents? If so, whatwere they?

How does meiosisallow for variation inoffspring?

How doesfertilization allow for variation in offspring?

Pedigree and Genes

Now that you know how to breed dragons, let'stry some selective breeding in the pedigree view. Use the cross tool tobreed a new generation of dragons; breed two of thedragons from this new (F1) generation. Repeat thisat least8 times.

What do younotice about the dragons as you continue to breed more generations?

Use the chromosome tool to closelyexaminethe dragonsâ genes. If you had trouble answering the sex-linkedquestion above, now you can observe and compare the Xand Y chromosomesâ¦

Can you find any genesthat are different among the members of your F8generation?

How many generationsdo you have to breed until all the dragons are exactly thesame?

You arecreating an inbred strain of dragons in the final generation(s)of this process. Write a notedescribing your strain, and explain what is âspecialâ aboutall individuals in an inbred strain of organisms.

The Plates Problem

Try breedingsome offspring to see resultsof these crosses. Does thepattern of inheritance ofplates tell you anything useful?

Based on yourbreeding experiments, where might you expectto find the gene forplates (i.e., On whichchromosome might the gene be located?) Why do you think this iscorrect?

Dragons thatgrow plates usually do so quite late in their life, so dragons thathave a new baby don't know right away whether or not it will growplates. Which trait(s)exhibited by a baby might helpa mother dragon determine whether her baby will growup to have plates?

DragonGenes
Genotypes/Phenotypes

Trait	Phenotype	Genotype
Horns	Horns
	No Horns
Wings	Wings
	No Wings
Legs	4 Legs
	2 Legs
	No Legs
Tails	Fancy Tail
	Plain Tail
Fire-breathing	Fire-breathing Male
	Non-fire-breathing Male
	Fire-breathing Female
	Non-fire-breathingFemale
Color	Green Male
	Yellow Male
	Red Female
	Blue Female
	Brown Female
	Purple Female

olivedonkey40

a. Genes that are highly homologous to trbL have been found in several different organisms. Suppose you wish to clone a trbL homolog from wookiees. How might you determine whether wookiees have a trbL homolog in the first place? (You may assume that the genome for wookiees has been completely sequenced.)

b. You identify several different trbL homologs in the wookiee genome. How would you go about cloning one of these? (You may assume that the genomic for wookiees has been completely sequenced and that you have access to wookiee chromosomal DNA.)

c. Mammalian genomes contain a number of pseudogenes. These are sequences that appear to be capable of encoding for proteins but they are not expressed. Consider the trbL homolog that you cloned in the question above. Using nucleic acid techniques that we discussed in class, how might you prove that the gene you have cloned is expressed and is not a pseudogene?

d. Using protein techniques that we discussed in class, how might you prove that the gene you have cloned is expressed and is not a pseudogene?

Disease: Bipolar Disorder

1. In order to find the genes influencing this disease or condition, which database would you use first? We used: BLAST.

2. Approximately how many genes (or DNA elements) are involved in this disease or condition? Explain how you came up with this number.

3. Provide the genetic symbol of one of the protein-coding gene involved in this disease or condition. Explain how you know this gene is a protein-coding gene.

4. What is the cytogenetic location of this gene in Question 3? Explain what this location means.

5.What is the function of the protein coded by this gene in question 3?

6. All human diseases and traits are polygenic. Explain what "polygenic" means in this context.

7. Explain how you could find out if C. elegans has a protein similar to the one in Quesion 5?

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BIO 440 Study Guide - Quiz Guide: Mendelian Inheritance, Personalized Medicine, Genetic Marker

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