BIOL 540 Study Guide - Quiz Guide: Intermolecular Force, Primary Alcohol, Lithium Aluminium Hydride
Document Summary
Alcohols can be prepared via the addition or water to double bonds or the addition of organometallic compounds to carbonyl groups. Both sn1 and sn2 reactions can be used to produced alcohols under the appropriate reaction conditions. Alcohol can be prepared from the reduction of aldhydes, ketones, carboxylic acids, or esters. Lithium aluminum hydride (lialh4 or lah) and sodium borohydride (nabh4) are common reducing agent. Lah is stronger and less specific whereas nabh4 is weaker and more selective. Phenols can be synthesized from arylsulfonic acids with heat and naoh or via hydrolysis of diazonium salts. The alcohol is protonated via a strong acid (like h2so4), followed by the removal of a water molecule to form a double bond. Hydroxyl group is a poor leaving group and must be converted via protonating the alcohol to make water a leaving group or converting the alcohol to tosylate for sn2 reaction.
