BIOS 111 Study Guide - Midterm Guide: Citric Acid Cycle, Flagellum, Cell Membrane
Document Summary
We don"t need to memorize or reproduce pathways and chemical structures. Just know the structure of pyruvate and urea. Know the role of pathways in bacteria. 1-2% of bacteria are pathogenic to humans. Metabolism will be under-weighed in the exam. Bile salts and crystal violet are toxic to microbes unless they can"t get into the cell. Outer membrane prevents their entry, so gram-negative bacteria will grow but gram-positive bacteria will die. Many enterics can metabolize lactose and many can"t. The enterics that metabolize lactose get acidic. We incorporate a dye so we can distinguish those fermenting lactose vs those not. We did this to find o157:h7 from other e. coli. Sorbitol can be metabolized by all e. coli except for. Electron flow causes a hydrogen ion gradient and then the gradient is used to make atp. Algae is being used to make lipids. No oxygen and electron transport chain in fermentation.
