BISC104 Study Guide - Midterm Guide: Basal Metabolic Rate, Activation Energy, Metaphase

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blackgnu98

16 Dec 2018

School

University of Delaware

Department

Biological Sciences

Course

BISC104

Professor

Dr.Patricia Walsh

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Document Summary

A general term used to describe all of the chemical reactions occurring in the body. When two or more molecules interact with one another and the molecules change. Proteins that speed up (catalyze) the rate of biological reactions. Each enzyme only speeds up one specific reaction, substrates bind to the enzyme"s active site causing a reaction. Metabolic reactions need to surpass the activation energy barrier before proceeding, they are regulated by enzymes. The chemicals that are metabolized by an enzyme catalyzed reaction. The region of the enzyme where the substrate binds. A person"s metabolic rate is a measure of his or her energy use. The basal metabolic represents the energy use of a wakeful person. C 6 h 12 o 2 + o 2 >>> co 2 + h 2 o + atp. To convert the energy stored in chemical bonds of food into energy that cells can use, while releasing waste products.

Related Questions

28. Which of the following statements about enzymes is false?

An enzyme changes shape when it binds to a substrate.

Enzymes lower the activation energy.

Enzymes are highly specific.

An enzyme may orient substrates, induce strain, or temporarily add chemical groups.

Most enzymes are much smaller than their substrates.

29. What is a transition state?

The place where a substrate molecule binds to an enzyme

A reactant with high potential energy

The combination of a substrate and an enzyme

The state at which the bonds of reactants are unstable

The active site where reactants are oriented

39. Which of the following statements about enzymes is true?

Enzymes are proteins.

Enzymes have a specific amino acid sequence.

enzymes are highly specific.

Enzymes lower the energy barrier.

All of the above

orangepug991

1. What is meant by catabolic and anabolic reactions? Give an example of each.

2. Is the DG for an exergonic reaction more than or less than zero? What about an endergonic reaction? In which type of reaction do the products have more energy than the reactants? Why?

3. How do metabolic pathways keep from reaching equilibrium?

4. Describe the components of ATP. What is the purpose of ATP in the cell? How is it recycled?

5. What is meant by the E_A of a reaction? How do enzymes affect the E_A and the DG of a reaction?

6. Describe the cycle of an enzyme as it catalyzes a reaction.

7. How does an enzyme lower the E_A of a reaction?

8. What is the difference between a competitive and a non-competitive inhibitor of an enzyme? Which type of inhibition can be overcome by increasing the substrate concentration? Why?

9. Describe how an allosteric enzyme works.

10. Why is feedback inhibition important in metabolic pathways?

11. Define Energy. What are the different types of Energy?

12. What are the laws of Thermodynamics?

13. Explain redox reactions.

Enzyme Activity

1. Briefly explain the principle of spectrophotometry.

2. Which of the following statements is true about enzymes?(check all correct answers)

		__ enzymes act on (are specific for) one or just a fewsubstrates
		__ enzymes can be denatured (loose their tertiary/quaternarystructure and activity) by extreme conditions such as heat, high orlow pH,or presence of organic solvents
		__most enzymes are DNA
		__ enzymes are protein
		__enzymes perform best at specific conditions of temperature, pHand salt concentration 5. Which enzymes break the following macromolecules? Match the following with their correponding answers: ___ Nucleic acids A. proteases or proteinases such as pepsin ___ Cellulose B. none ___ Triglycerides C. lipases ___ Proteins D. amylases ___ Starch E. nucleases 6.Match the following enzymes totheir products. Answers ___ pepsin, trypsin and other digestive proteases A.Nucleotides ___ salivary and pancreatic amylases and other enzymes B. AminoAcids ___ lipases C. Monosaccharides ___ nucleases D. fatty acids and glycerol 7. Based on experiments, what is the effect of extremeconditions of pH and temperature (boiling tube) on enzymeactivity? 8. ATP stores energy in the form of___ ___ Chemical energy ___ Kinetic energy ___ Thermal energy ___ Activation energy 9. An allosteric site in anenzyme is____ __ the site where reactions occur __ the site that binds aregulator __ the site that binds thesubstrate __ the site that binds the product 10. Enzymes increase the rate of reactions by making thetransition state less stable. __ True __ False 11. Enzymes increase the rate of reactions by placing reactingparts of the molecule in favorable positions. __ True __ False 12. Which of the followingis a mechanism for regulation of enzymes? __ covalent modification __ feedback inhibition __ allosteric regulation __ all of the above 13. Which of the following represents a correct order of eventsin an enzyme catalytic cycle? 1.enzyme changes shape 2.substrate binds to active site 3.substrate is converted to products 4. products are released from activesite __ 1>2>3>4 __ 2>1>3>4 __ 3>2>1>4 __ 2>4>3>1

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BISC104 Study Guide - Midterm Guide: Basal Metabolic Rate, Activation Energy, Metaphase

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