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BIOL 1102 Study Guide - Final Guide: Sickle-Cell Disease, Repressor, Genetic Variation

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peachswan160
25 Sep 2018
School
UConn
Department
Biology
Course
BIOL 1102
Professor
Adam Fry

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Document Summary

The flow of genetic information: dna (transcription) (cid:314) rna (translation) (cid:314) protein. Transcription occurs on both strands of the dna molecule but in different directions. Enzyme rna polymerase makes the mrna molecule. A codon is a group of 3 mrna bases. Transfer rna (trna) carries amino acids to ribosomes. An anticodon is the trna complement to the mrna codon. A protein is a sequence of amino acids. Many dna mutations have no affect on the phenotype, because the 3rd codon position can often be any base and still make the same amino acid. Gene expression is when the gene has gone through transcription and translation to make a protein. Transcription does not require a primer, because rna polymerase starts it. Methyl groups (ch 3 ) added to c and a nucleotides. Are present in all cells and dna except housekeeping genes. A major form of tissue specific gene regulation.

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Related Questions

When we use DNA to code for a protein, we call the process Transcription and Translation. Below are descriptions of processes that happen when we use DNA to code for a protein. Match the description of each process with the correct term - either Transcription or Translation.

1.A ribosome reads the mRNA and builds a protein from amino acids.
2.A copy is made of a gene in RNA
3.The primary transcript is modified: introns are removed and the transcript gets a cap and a tail
4.tRNA carries amino acids to a ribosome
5.The DNA unwinds, exposing the gene to be copied.

Gene expression is a multi-step process. Place these events in the correct order.

Question 13 options:

charged tRNA molecules read the next codon, entering the A site of the ribosome.

Translocation of the mRNA to the cytoplasm.

Recruitment of RNA polymerase.

tRNA(Met) binds to the start codon AUG in the P site of the ribosome.

Assembly of small and large ribosome subunits on the mRNA.

Processing of the primary RNA molecule.

Release factors recognize the stop codon, signaling the release of the protein, mRNA and ribosome subunits.

Synthesis of primary RNA molecule, a direct copy of the DNA template.

Recognition of the mRNA by the small ribosome subunit .

Peptidyl transferase, transfers the amino acid of the incoming tRNA to the growing peptide chain.

Binding of transcription factors to the promoter.

If the bold term in each statement is correct hen write the letter C next to it. if the term is incorrect then replace it with the correct term.

The nucleotide bases found only in RNA and not in DNA is thymine.

The class of RNA molecules that carries the amino acids that are added to the growing polypeptide chain is tRNA.

During translation immediately after the first and second tRNA molecules become attached side by side on the mRNA., a hydrogen bond is formed between adjacent amino acids.

In the genetic code, 20 bases on the DNA code for a single amino acid.

The major lipid involved is transcription is RNA polymerase.

The one strand of DNA used as a template in the making of mRNA during transcription, is the template strand.