CHEM 153A Study Guide - Final Guide: Protein Folding, Polysaccharide, Cell Nucleus
14 Jun 2016
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Document Summary
Simple building blocks combined differently for structural diversity. Principle of structural simplicity with increasing diversity: polymerization. If each aa is the same residue within the polymer = homopolymer. Examples of macromolecules: nucleic acids (ribonucleotides)n => nucleic acids + diphosphates [between alpha-p and. #molecule structures = (#nucleotides)^(#aa per dna molecule: proteins (amino acids) (aa)n => proteins + h2o [i. e. condensation rxn] , through forming peptides bonds. #molecule structures = (#aa)^(#aa per dna molecule) = 20^(#aa per molecule: polysacccharides (sugars) (monosaccharides)n = oligosaccharide + h2o, through covalent bonds between c1 and c4) # sugars is limited, linear and branched molecules. Neutral lipids, glycerols = 2 fatty acids + 1 alcohol. Up to 7 different r3 substituents, or saccharides. Conclusion: simple construction provides an immense number of possible structures fully capable of providing the necessary diversity required for life. Comparison between structure of lipid and that of solid water.
