CHEM 153A Study Guide - Final Guide: Pyruvate Dehydrogenase, Oxidative Phosphorylation, Pyruvic Acid
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14 Jun 2016
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Ch2 -------> ch2oh -------------> c=o -------> cooh --------> co2 pyruvate pyruvate glucose. Most of the energy of glucose is still available following glycolysis! Then move to the etc (i. e. fadh2 is membrane-bound) Genome: human: encodes 13 genes, all etc subunits. Inner aqueous environment in the mitochondrial matrix: semi-permeable lipid layers. In the presence of high blood [glucose] right after meals, the hormone-signal activates corresponding cascade to convert glucose into pyruvate and ultimately produce fat (long-term e storage) to maintain proper blood glucose level in physiological conditions. Permeable to molecules smaller than ~5 kd (small and polar/ uncharged) e. g. h2o, co2. All metabolites in the cytosol can access to the inner. Larger surface area than outer membrane (cristae) (folding creates cristae) Localized compartmentation of h: permeability barrier, controls content of membrane according to the concentration gradient matrix, need transport. Non-polar, or small and uncharged (< 5kd) can go through the outer membrane (permeate)
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