BIO SCI 93 Study Guide - Final Guide: Myod, Adult Stem Cell, Stem Cell

• School: UC-Irvine
• Department: Biological Sciences
• Course: BIO SCI 93
• Professor: Jorge Busciglio Kim Green Marcelo A Wood

Document Summary

Cytoplasmic determinant: maternal substances in the egg that influence early development. As the zygote divides by mitosis, different cytoplasmic determinants -> different gene expression. Inductive signaling: signal molecules from embryonic cells causes transcriptional changes in nearby target cells (inducer. Determination: signals from other cells lead to activation of a master regulatory gene called myod, and the cell makes myod protein, a specific transcription factor that acts as an activate. The cell, now called a myoblast, is irreversibly committed to becoming a skeletal muscle cell. Differentiation: myod protein stimulates the myod gene further and activate genes encoding other muscle-specific transcription factors, which in turn activate genes for muscle proteins. Myod also turns on genes that block the cell cycle, thus stopping cell division. The non dividing inmyoblasts fuse to become mature multinucleate muscle cells, also called muscle fibers: myod is capable of changing some kinds of fully differentiated non muscle cells, such as fat cells and liver cells, into muscle cells.