BIO 361 Study Guide - Midterm Guide: Glutathione Peroxidase, Skeletal Muscle, Citric Acid
3 Feb 2021
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Glycolysis can be split into a preparatory stage that consumes atp and a payoff stage that produces atp. Glycolysis follows a chemical logic that activates and reorganizes the intermediate metabolites to promote reactions. Glycolytic enzymes act as classical examples of regulation through induced fit binding and allosteric modulation. The conversion of fructose-6-phosphate to fructose 1,6-bisphosphate is the commitment step of glycolysis. Different isozymes of glycolytic enzymes control activity in different tissues. Fermentation is used to regenerate nad + in the absence of oxygen. Cancer cells exhibit aerobic glycolysis that can be used for diagnosis. Overall rxn: glucose + 2adp + 2nad + 2 pyruvate + 2atp + 2nadh. Prevents transport in and out of the cell prior to their time (no transporters for them to leave with) Converts metabolic energy (phosphorylated sugars retain free energy taken from atp) Improved binding to enzymes (large negative charge acts as a better handle for enzymes to bind to) b. )
