01:119:116 Study Guide - Final Guide: Character Displacement, Genetic Drift, Genetic Variation
30 Oct 2014
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Lamarck"s theory dismissed by mendel: didn"t know much about genes, modern synthesis. Microevolution vs. marcroevolution minor evolutionary changes vs. major. Evolutionary adaptation during natural selection: vestigial structures . Adaptive radiation, character displacement (unusual), stabilizing selection. Reproductive isolation processes to prevent interbreeding: prezygotic and postzygotic mechanisms, gametic, temporal, behavioral, habitat, mechanical. Genetic variation: mutations vs. founder effect, what increases or decreases genetic variation and why, gene flow, genetic drift etc. (all the factors) Speciation: allopatric (different geography, sympatric (same geography) Macroevolution (hox gene: arthropods and leg segments, pre-adaptation (feathers from scales, allometric growth, child-like characteristics retained (paedomorphosis) salamander. Ecological niches: fundamental vs. realized niches, organisms stick in one area their realized niche, competition can reduce niche to a very small area. Mutations predictable or unpredictable: sources of new alleles, the only alleles that get passed on are in the germ line, not somatic cells. J-shaped vs. s-shaped growth: s-shaped reached carrying capacity. Species richness: structural complexity and ecological niches.
