BIOL 11100 Study Guide - Melanoma, Mitosis, Centromere

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30 Oct 2014
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For example, melanoma, a type of skin cancer caused by uncontrolled growth of melanocytes. Cellular reproduction is a key element of life. Requires 3 things: replication of genetic material (dna, accurate segregation of genetic material, division of cytoplasm. Prokaryotes have simple form of cell division: binary fission. They also have a simple dna: single circular chromosome. Chromosome must be compacted, folded to fit into the cell. Dna must be replicated and segregated into different ends of cell prior to cell division. Dna replication and segregation are a concerted process, are coupled. Replication begins at unique site: origin of replication. Replicated dna actively partition to different ends of cell. Growth of new membrane and a septum partions of other cell contents. Septum forms at site of ring of ftsz protein. Ftsz resembles microtubule protein tubulin involved in eukaryotic mitosis. Sister chromatids: 2 copies of the dna within the replicated chromosome. Cohesin: complex of proteins holding sister chromatids together.

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