BIOL 11100 Study Guide - Midterm Guide: Cleavage Furrow, Melanin, Actomyosin Ring
Document Summary
Cytokinesis: actual process of dividing one cell into two, animal cells, use a contractile ring composed of. Actin microfilaments: myosin motor proteins, contract radially to pinch cell into two, cleavage furrow. Chromosome terminology: in g1: 46 one chromatid chromosomes (in human cells, the chromosomes are in pairs, 1 from mom, 1 from dad, each pair of chromosomes are referred as homologs or homologous chromosomes, very similar but slightly different. Chromosomes again: homologous chromosomes contain the same genes but have slightly different dna sequences, after replication, each homolog has 2 chromatids. Features of meiosis: meiosis i, homologous pairs are separated reducing chromosome , reduction division, produces 2 haploid cells, meiosis ii, sister chromatids are separated, produces 4 haploid cells. Prophase i events: chromosomes condense, nuclear membrane breaks down, spindle pole begin to form, homologous chromosomes pair up and form a complex called a tetrad, homologous held together by synaptonemal complex proteins.