PSYC 230 Study Guide - Final Guide: Neonatal Behavioral Assessment Scale, Mental Model, Diana Baumrind
People:
Piaget: sensorimotor period, pre-operational stage, concrete operational, formal
operational, way of perceiving the world, undervalues impact of culture
Vygotsky: children construct knowledge, learning can lead to development,
development cannot be separated from social context, language plays central
role in mental development of proximal development, scaffolding
Erikson: trust vs. mistrust (0-12 months), autonomy vs. shame and doubt (1-3 yrs),
initiative vs. guilt (3-6 yrs), industry vs.inferiority (6-12 yrs), identity vs. role
confusion (12-18 yrs), intimacy vs. isolation (18-35 yrs), generativity vs.
stagnation (35-65 yrs), integrity vs. despair (65 to death), different internal
conflicts at different stages of life
Ainsworth: strange situation, secure attachment, ambivalent + resistant, avoidant,
disorganized, children’s attachment styles
Costa + McCrae: Big 5 personality descriptions: openness, conscientiousness,
extraversion, agreeableness, neuroticism
McAdams: personality is more than just traits, life story, lifespan construct, social clock,
mid-life correction, possible selves
Sternberg: triangular theory of love, made of passion, intimacy and commitment,
consummate love is the best
Gottman: 4 horsemen of the apocalypse, criticism, defensiveness+contempt,
stonewalling
Harlow: contact comfort is more important than food, baby monkeys
Bowlby: signaling behaviors, secure base, internal working model
Ekman: 6 basic emotions, cross culturally universal
Mischel: Marshmallow test, 7-9 yrs chose immediate or delayed reward
Gibson + Walk: viscal cliff, 6-14 months knew not to cross the deep side of the cliff,
depth perception, re-done by Karen Adolph
Berry Brazelton: Neonatal Behavioral Assessment Scale, waking activity, alert
inactivity
Brofenbienner: Ecological Theory, no aspect of social development can be removed
from another
Baumrind: Model of Paternal Warmth + Control, authoritarian vs. authoritative vs.
uninvolved vs. permissive, authoritative is the best form of parenting style
Marcia: identity statuses, committed vs. explored + experimented, achievement,
moratorium, foreclosure, diffusion
Selman: stages of perspective taking, undifferentiated (3-6 yrs), social informational
(4-9 yrs), self reflective (7-12 yrs), third person (10-15 yrs), societal (14-adult)
Kohlberg: labeling (~2 yrs), stability (~3-4 yrs), consistency (~5-6 yrs)
Lawton + Nahemow: competence press model, adaption is optimal when ability +
demands are balanced
Carstensen: socioemotional selectivity theory, OAs become more sensitive in social
relationships due to limited sense of time, pursue different goals in relationships
Kubler- Ross: 5 stages of death, denial, anger, bargaining, depression, acceptance
Corr: contextual theory, no right way to die, allows for individual differences in values,
4 tasks faced from perspective of dying person
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Document Summary
Piaget: sensorimotor period, pre-operational stage, concrete operational, formal. Vygotsky: children construct knowledge, learning can lead to development, Erikson: trust vs. mistrust (0-12 months), autonomy vs. shame and doubt (1-3 yrs), Ainsworth: strange situation, secure attachment, ambivalent + resistant, avoidant, Costa + mccrae: big 5 personality descriptions: openness, conscientiousness, Mcadams: personality is more than just traits, life story, lifespan construct, social clock, Sternberg: triangular theory of love, made of passion, intimacy and commitment, Gottman: 4 horsemen of the apocalypse, criticism, defensiveness+contempt, Harlow: contact comfort is more important than food, baby monkeys. Bowlby: signaling behaviors, secure base, internal working model. Mischel: marshmallow test, 7-9 yrs chose immediate or delayed reward. Gibson + walk: viscal cliff, 6-14 months knew not to cross the deep side of the cliff, Berry brazelton: neonatal behavioral assessment scale, waking activity, alert. Brofenbienner: ecological theory, no aspect of social development can be removed.
