1. Which of the following are considered blood vessels within the cardiovascular system? (Select all that apply.)
Veins
Arteries \
Epithelial tissue
Capillaries
Epidermis
2. The middle muscle layer found in the walls of the heart is the __________.
Myocardium
Epicardium
Endocardium
Aorta
3. Blood is transported throughout the body via ___________.
Veins
Arteries
Capillaries
All of the above
4. The right atrium receives blood from all parts of the body except the ______________.
Abdominal cavity
Lungs
Dorsal cavity
Cranium
5. Blood carries which of the following?
Oxygen and cellular waste
Oxygen, nutrients, hormones, enzymes, and cellular waste
Nutrients, hormones, enzymes
Oxygen, nutrients, enzymes
6. Vocal chords are found in the ____________.
Bronchus
Trachea
Larynx and Pharynx
Nasal cavity
7. The trachea is mostly lined by ________________.
Alveoli
Ciliated
mucous membrane
Lung capillaries
Vocal chords
8. Excess CO2 from the body is __________________.
Stored in the pancreas
Digested by cells
Excreted by the respiration process
Used to make ATP
9. CO2 from the body is released into the lungs via _________________.
Ciliated mucous membrane
Alveolar air
Nasal cavity
Bronchial tree
10. The principal function(s) of gas exchange is ____________________.
To supply cells with oxygen
To remove CO2 from the body
Both A and B
Neither of the above
One of the most common chronic conditions affecting the respiratory system is asthma. Asthma is a condition characterized by inflammation of the airways. When an asthma attack is triggered, the airways become even more inflamed and can restrict breathing. Common symptoms during an asthma attacks include coughing, wheezing, tightness in the chest and shortness of breath. Severe asthma attacks can be fatal. People with a family history of asthma are more likely to have the condition. While there is no cure for asthma, proper medical care and a management plan can help to maintain quality of life for people living with asthma. There are different types of asthma, each with their own triggers and management plans. Type Description Exercise-induced Bronchoconstriction (EIB), or Exercise-induced Asthma (EIA) Some people only experience asthma symptoms during exercise. Exercise-induced asthma causes the narrowing of airways during exercise, which restricts the flow of air to and from the lungs. Cold, dry air tends to exacerbate symptoms, while warm, humid air may reduce symptoms. People with exercise-induced asthma should work with their doctor to create a management plan that still allows them to exercise while keeping their symptoms under control. Allergic Asthma Allergic asthma is the most common form of asthma. It is triggered by inhaling allergen particulates, such as dust mites, pollen, pet dander, or mold. The body’s reaction to the allergens causes inflammation that results in coughing, wheezing, and other symptoms of asthma. Occupational Asthma Occupational asthma is caused by the frequent inhalation (breathing) of gases, fumes, dust, or other harmful substances in the workplace. Employees working in the chemical or petroleum industries are frequently exposed to chemicals such as Sulphur dioxide or hydrochloric acid, and may develop occupational asthma after prolonged exposure. Childhood Asthma Childhood asthma is usually developed before age 5. It is a condition that affects millions of children. It is vital that childhood asthma is properly controlled to prevent damage to the developing lungs Risk factors: • Allergies • Family history • Frequent respiratory infections • Low birth-weight • Second-hand smoke • Residing in a low-income, urban environment
Asthma symptoms that are triggered by exposure to pollen, pet dander, mold, or dust mites is indicative of which of the following types of asthma:
Occupational asthma
Childhood asthma
Allergic asthma
Exercise-induced asthma
