BIOLOGY 1B Study Guide - Midterm Guide: Red Algae, Ascomycota, Euglena
Document Summary
Led to 02 rich atmosphere 1. 8 billion years ago. Critical for nitrogen fixation, along with other bacteria. Majority of body in soil with an exposed reproductive structure. Septate: compartmentalized by partially open partitions (in most ascomycota and basiodiomycota) Coenocytic hyphae: no comparmentalized nuclei ---> free flowing cytoplasm (ancesteral fungi) Hyphae can be specialized to catch nematodes (loops that constrict and catch them, and digest with enzymes) Secretion of digestive enzymes to cause breakdown (smaller pieces are then absorbed) Saprophytes: decomposers; digests materials other organisms cannot break down. The plant gets help absorbing water and inorganic nutrients or antibiotic protection. Seen on 80-90% of la(cid:374)d pla(cid:374)ts; where it does(cid:374)"t o(cid:272)(cid:272)ur, it (cid:449)as se(cid:272)o(cid:374)darily lost. Etomycorrhizal: higher fungi with septe hyphae; do not penetrace cell walls of plat, just the space between cells and outside the root. Arburscular: penetrate the root cell wall but not the membrane, but just have close contact with the membrane.
