BIOL165 Study Guide - Final Guide: Ascocarp, Coral Bleaching, Gastrovascular Cavity
5 Aug 2016
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Document Summary
Monophyletic group, previously known as kingdom animalia. Closest relative of animals is choanoflagellates: free-living, unicellular/colonial. Two synapomorphies: flat mitochondrial cristae, cells with one flagellum (undulipodium) at posterior end. Fungi were originally polyphyletic; chromalveolata (pseudofungi) and opisthokonta (eumycota. True fungi) but are now monophyletic because they are part of the supergroup opisthokonta and do not include oomycota of the chromalveolata. Heterotrophic decomposers; break down litter quicker than bacteria. Store organic nutrient in the form of glycogen like animals do. Higher eumycotan non-flagellate fungi: phylum zygomycota and phylum dikaryomycota. Chytrids are parasites but most do not produce assimilative hyphae like eumycotan fungi: some form assimilative hyphae called rhizoids, parasitize algae, plant pollen, fish, and amphibians, asterionella causes a bloom that kills diatoms. Some are unicellular; others are coenocytic meaning multi-nucleate and branching tubular thalli. Produce uniflagellate asexual opsithokont type zoospores to produce more asexual individuals or gametothalli.
