PUBH 1145 Study Guide - Final Guide: Cytotoxic T Cell, Adaptive Immune System, Innate Immune System

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31 Dec 2019

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Define: immune system, pathogen, lymphocyte, dendritic cell, antibodies, antigen, endemic, epidemic, pandemic, autoimmune disease. Immune system : the body"s collective system of defenses that includes surface barriers as well as the specialized cells, tissues, and organs that carry out the immune system. Lymphocyte : a type of white blood cell that carries out important functions in the immune system. Dendritic cell : initiate the adaptive immune response, act as messengers between the innate and the adaptive immune systems. Antibodies : a specialized protein, produced by white blood cells, that can recognize specific antigens. Antigen : a substance that triggers the immune response. Endemic : a disease regularly found among particular people or in a certain area. Epidemic : a rapidly spreading disease or health-related condition. Autoimmune disease : a condition in which your immune system mistakenly attacks your body. Cells of the innate immune system recognize pathogens as foreign" and kill them.

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1.List the steps of the immune response in the correct order, fromfirst to last. (First, Second, Third)

The immune system develops proteins called antibodies that fightthe infection by killing the antigens.	Choose... Third First Second
The immune system identifies antigens.	Choose... Third First Second
The body saves some antibodies so they are available to fight offthe same disease if exposed again.	Choose... Third First Second

2.Match each item with the correct "line of defense" it isclassified under. (Surface Barrier, General Defense, ImmuneResponse)

lysozyme	Choose... Surfacebarriers Generaldefenses Immune responses
inflammation	Choose... Surfacebarriers Generaldefenses Immune responses
lymph nodes	Choose... Surfacebarriers Generaldefenses Immune responses
B cells and T cells	Choose... Surfacebarriers Generaldefenses Immune responses
unbroken skin	Choose... Surfacebarriers Generaldefenses Immune responses
Antibodies	Choose... Surfacebarriers Generaldefenses Immune responses

3.What is the role of histamine in the inflammatory response?

Chooseone answer.

	a. Itdestroys bacteria by a process called "cell-eating."
	b. Itproduces a fever and lethargy, so energy can be reserved forbattling the illness.
	c. It formsblood clots in the damaged area.
	d. Itdilates blood vessels to make more room for the body's defensive agentsin the injured area.

4.Match each item with the correct description. (Antigen, Prion, Blymphocyte, Macrophage)

An infectious particle that consists only of protein	Choose... Antigen Prion Blymphocyte Macrophage
A white blood cell that engulfs and destroys foreign material, such asbacteria	Choose... Antigen Prion Blymphocyte Macrophage
Any substance that instigates a response by the immune system	Choose... Antigen Prion Blymphocyte Macrophage
A white blood cell that can make antibodies	Choose... Antigen Prion Blymphocyte Macrophage

5.Who is credited with designing the first vaccine?

	a. LinusPauling
	b. EdwardJenner
	c. JonasSalk
	d. StanleyMiller

6.The flu (influenza) vaccine is generally administered as aninjection, often referred to as the flu shot. Can the flu shot giveyou the flu?

	a. No,because the flu shot is a live, attenuated vaccine.
	b. Yes,because the flu shot is a live, attenuated vaccine.
	c. No,because the flu shot is an inactivated vaccine.
	d. Yes,because the flu shot is an inactivated vaccine.

7.Getting a vaccine is similar to getting the actual disease insome ways. For example, when you get a vaccine, yourimmune system produces antibodies that will protect you from future exposures tothe actual disease.

True or False?

8.Getting a vaccine is NOT similar to getting the actual disease insome ways. For example, when you get a vaccine, you should notexperience outward symptoms of the disease you were vaccinatedagainst.

True or False?

9.Numerous scientific studies have shown that there is NO LINKbetween vaccines and autism.

True or False?

orangeseal52

Vaccinations require that humans have which type of immune system?

		innate immune system
		adaptive immune system
		all of the above

10 points

QUESTION 2

Which of the following are examples of antigens?

		one of a group of proteins found in the blood that leads to the clumping of foreign blood cells
		proteins embedded in the membranes of T cells
		foreign molecules that trigger antibody production
		proteins that trigger the end of the inflammatory response

10 points

QUESTION 3

Vaccines prevent disease by_______________

		stimulating the production of antibodies
		allowing more leukocytes to attack a pathogen
		weakening or killing a virus
		providing primary pathogen defence

10 points

QUESTION 4

Mast cells __________

		Attack pathogens using phagocytosis
		Constrict blood flow around an open wound
		direct leukocyte activity
		Build the sails on a ship

10 points

QUESTION 5

Which of the following is true about allergies?

		Allergens are typically safe substances that are damaging to certain individuals who lack the appropriate antibodies
		You can't get allergies if you are exposed to common allergens at a young age
		Antibodies are not produced in response to pollen in someone with seasonal allergies
		Immune responses occur in response to a non-damaging substance in the body because the body thinks the substance is a pathogen

lilacelephant948

11. Which condition causes autoimmune damage toreceptors for acetylcholine at the neuromuscular junction?

	Multiple sclerosis
	Rheumatoid arthritis
	Myasthenia gravis
	Crohn's disease

12. Which is true in regards to Immune memory?

	the number of memory cells increase with age due to the factthe body has been exposed to numerous antigens throughout life
	the strength of the memory cells is not altered with aging butthe speed in which the memory cells responds decreases withage
	the function of the memory cells is not really altered untilthe patient reaches approximately eighty years of age
	less decline in the ability to maintain memory that wasproduced during youth or young adulthood, as oppose to memory thatcame on in older adulthood

13. Which type of immunity occurs as a response toillness or vaccination?

	Acquired active
	Acquired passive
	Natural

14. A decrease in ________ secretion causes alowering of blood volume and blood pressure and an increase is bodyosmotic pressure.

	FSH
	GH
	LDH
	T3
	ADH

15. Which of the following is notone of the three unique characteristics of the immune system?

	memory
	sensitivity
	specificity
	self-recognition

16. Which of the following is an age related changeassociated with the immune system?

	Increase in the number of macrophages and monocytes
	The thymus continues to produce the same number of T cells withage
	The rate of B-cell production declines with age
	Immune memory declines with aging

17. All of the following are ways to minimize theundesirable effects of aging on our immune system, except what?

	diet low in complex carbs
	regular vaccinations
	seek early treatment when ill
	wearing sun protection

18. Which of the following statements regardingantibodies is true?

	they destroy antigens by engulfing them
	IgA activates the complement system
	IgE antibodies release histamine and cause inflammation
	Antibodies are manufacture and by platelets

19. What are the unique characteristics of the immunesystem?

	repository, recognition, defense
	self recognition, specificity, memory
	interception, defense, notification
	specificity, memory, defense

20. Which type of immune system cell is formed froman unspecialized lymphocyte because of the influence of the thymuson the lymphocyte?

	A-Cell
	D-Cell
	G-Cell
	M-Cell
	T-Cell

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PUBH 1145 Study Guide - Final Guide: Cytotoxic T Cell, Adaptive Immune System, Innate Immune System

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