BIO 1106 Study Guide - Midterm Guide: Polytrichum, Marchantiophyta, Antheridium
28 Nov 2016
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Kingdom plantae: bryophytes and ferns bryophytes: most primitive group of terrestrial plants. green, have rootlike structures, have stem/lea ike parts. lack specialized vascular tissues so distribution is typically limited to moist habitats bc rhizoids do not deeply penetrate. X co2, degrade rocks to soil, stabilize soil, and reduce erosion. alternation of generations w/ both gametophyte and sporophyte phase but gametophyte is the dominant phase. Sporophyte nonphotosynthetic; connected to gametophyte by the foot. spores produces by meiosis in a capsule in a capsule located on a seta that extends downward from foot. elater cells are present among the spores. More visible than liverworts bc greater numbers, more widespread distribution, and gametophyte plants are leafy and upright. also withstand desiccation better than liverworts. gametophyte is radially spherical and is the most conspicuous phase. Polytrichum: leafy green portion is the gametophyte and is often only one cell thick. yellowish- brown stalk w/ capsule at summit is sporophyte; nutritionally dependent on gametophyte.
