Biochemistry 3381A Study Guide - Quiz Guide: Reverse Transcriptase, Cidofovir, Idoxuridine
20 May 2020
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Aciclovir resistance modified substrate specificity of viral encoded thymidine kinase drug no longer activated by viral enzyme: ganciclovir: prodrug cmv encoded phosphotransferase, more effective than acyclovir against cmv, however, 3"oh permits elongation. Pyrimidine analogues: more toxic than purines: cidofovir: cytosine analogue selective inhibition of cmv polymerase, but not selectively activated in infected cells hence more toxic, also trifluridine, idoxuridine. Diploid +ssrna; carry reverse transcriptase: convert to dsdna provirus by integrase, low fidelity high rate of resistance. Enfuvirtide bind gp41 of gp120 prevent conformational changes required for envelope / cell membrane fusion: prevent cell infection. Reverse transcriptase: provirus formation viral protein transcription. Non-nucleoside (nnrti): bind near active site, denature: nevirapine doesn"t compete. Protease inhibitors important in viruses as many translate as polyprotein later cleaved to functional units: Hiv 2 gag" polyproteins then cleaved without cleavage inactive. 6 clinically approved developed from crystal structure of aspartic protease: fill active site with ohs resist aspartate attack, virus specific.
