CHM136H1 Study Guide - Midterm Guide: Trigonal Planar Molecular Geometry, Valence Bond Theory, Trigonal Pyramidal Molecular Geometry
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CHM136H1 Full Course Notes
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Document Summary
1700s - vitalism (vital force: organic compounds could not be manipulated in lab like inorganic compounds. 1828 - wohler: disproved vitalism: formed organic urea from inorganic salt. Aufbau principle - lowest energy orbitals ll up rst. Pauli exclusion principle - two electrons occupying an orbital must be of opposite spin. Hund"s rule - if two or more empty orbitals of equal energy are available, electrons with parallel spin occupies them until all orbitals are half full. Structures: electron-dot structure (lewis, line-bond structure (kekule, 3d structure, condensed structure (structural, skeletal - line structures. Covalent bond - pair of e- shared between 2 nuclei when their orbitals overlap: sigma bonds: better overlap = stronger bond, until nuclear force repulsion takes over. Valence shell electron pair repulsion (vsepr: shape of molecule due to repelling e- pairs - bonds, lone pairs. Shape of orbitals shape of molecule & bonds.
