CHM136H1 Chapter Notes - Chapter 1: Valence Bond Theory, Orbital Hybridisation, Archibald Scott Couper

• School: UTSG
• Department: Chemistry
• Course: CHM136H1
• Professor: Andrew( Andy) Dicks

Document Summary

Early belief was that organic compounds couldn"t be manipulated like inorganic compounds. 1816: michel chevreul found that soap prepared by reaction of alkali with animal fat can be separated into several pure organic compounds. Friedrich wohler (1828) converted inorganic salt ammonium cyanate to organic substance urea. Organic chemistry is the study of carbon compounds. Carbon is special because it shares 4 valence electrons and forms 4 strong covalent bonds. Diameter of an atom is 200 picometers. Atomic # (z) -> # of protons. Mass number (a) -> number of protons and neutrons. Isotopes: same atomic number but different mass number. Atomic mass: weighted average mass in atomic mass units (amu) of naturally occurring isotope. Behavior of a specific electron in an atom can be described as a wave equation: solution to wave equation is wave function or orbital denoted by greek letter psi .