BIO372H5 Study Guide - Midterm Guide: Mitosis, Pyrimidine Dimer, Depurination
Document Summary
Histones, linker h1, core h2a, h2b, h3, h4. Less energy to bend the minor groove to keep it in shape. Gc when minor groove faces outside: explains why some sequences bind more tightly than others, dna mass = histone mass, heterochrmatin = 10% of genome (mostly in centromere and telomere areas). Has very few genes: methylation and acetylation affect side chains of lysine residues. Zinc finger domains can be engineered to target desired dna sequences and this enables zinc-finger nucleases to target unique sequences within complex genomes. By taking advantage of endogenous dna repair machinery; these reagents can be used to precisely alter the genomes of higher organisms. They bind to 5" end and they might block/aid the rnapol depending on the ligand binding: common in bacteria. Based on metabolites they control the gene expression: guanine blocking riboswitch, alternative splicing increases protein complexity, 75% human proteins, cells can control where they want to stop transcription.
